Neovascularization of the cornea can occur if:

• A. The Cornea Is Not Receiving Adequate Oxygen
• B. The Cornea Is Overhydrated
• C. The Cornea Is Too Dry
• D. The Retina Has Neovascularization

Answer: (A)

Neovascularization of the cornea occurs when the cornea, which is normally avascular, becomes hypoxic (lacks sufficient oxygen). When oxygen delivery is reduced, corneal cells release angiogenic signals that stimulate new blood vessels to grow into the cornea from the limbus. This response aims to restore oxygen supply but compromises corneal transparency and vision. Conditions that reduce oxygen to the cornea—such as extended contact lens wear, poor tear exchange, eyelid issues, or corneal injury—can trigger this vascular ingrowth.

Overhydration primarily causes corneal edema, not new vessel formation. Excessive dryness irritates and damages the surface but does not directly induce neovascularization. Neovascularization in the retina happens within the retina itself and does not directly cause corneal blood vessel growth.