What term describes the eye's ability to focus on near objects?

• A. Accommodation reflex
• B. Pupil constriction
• C. Accommodation
• D. Refraction

Answer: (C)

Accommodation is the eye’s ability to focus on near objects. It happens when the lens changes shape to increase its optical power so a close image is focused on the retina. Specifically, looking at something near stimulates the ciliary muscle to contract, which loosens the zonular fibers and makes the lens thicker and more curved. That added curvature shortens the focal length, allowing a sharp near image. The broader term accommodation reflex includes additional near responses like pupil constriction and convergence, but the basic focusing ability you’re asked about is accommodation. Refraction is the general bending of light and isn’t the active adjustment of lens shape.